Evidence-based education studiesEvidence-based education studiesДоказательная педагогика, психология3034-29963034-4220Togliatti State University134410.18323/10.18323/3034-2996-2026-2-65-4ArticlesСтатьиResearch ArticleThe hidden concerns of convergence and divergence in the effectiveness of Science education resource allocation at county-level primary schools: a diachronic comparison based on China’s 2018 and 2025 county-level dataСкрытые проблемы конвергенции и дивергенции в эффективности распределения ресурсов в сфере естественнонаучного образования в начальных школах на уровне уездов: диахроническое сравнение на основе данных Китая за 2018 и 2025 годыhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0157-4631HaiyingYuХайинЮй
China

Doctor of Sciences (Education), Professor, Dean of the College of Educational Sciences

доктор педагогических наук, профессор,декан факультета педагогических наук.

0701008@mdjnu.edu.cnhttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-2952-3096JinhaoDengЦзиньхаоДэн
China

student

студент

13039656922@163.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4900-3168XinleiYuanСиньлэйЮань
China

Professor

профессор

1205002@mdjnu.edu.cnhttps://orcid.org/0009-0006-9330-5015QianzhuYinЦяньчжуИнь
China

teacher

учитель

253645027@qq.comMudanjiang Normal UniversityМуданьцзянский педагогический университет300620262Доказательная педагогика, психология39513006202630062026Copyright ©; 2026, Haiying Y., Jinhao D., Xinlei Y., Qianzhu Y.Copyright ©; 2026, Хайин Ю., Цзиньхао Д., Синьлэй Ю., Цяньчжу И.2026Haiying Y., Jinhao D., Xinlei Y., Qianzhu Y.Хайин Ю., Цзиньхао Д., Синьлэй Ю., Цяньчжу И.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://vektornaukipedagogika.ru/jour/article/view/1344

Abstract: Problem. The frequent introduction of science education policies aims to enhance the efficiency of resource allocation. After seven years of policy implementation, it is essential to assess the actual changes and distinctive features in the allocation of science education resources at county-level primary schools. Aim. The aim of this study is to reveal the changing trends in the allocation of science education resources in county-level primary schools and the underlying logic of convergence and divergence in policy effectiveness, using a diachronic comparative method based on 2018 and 2025 county-level data, and to provide empirical evidence for optimizing resource allocation and promoting high-quality balanced development. Methods. This study conducted an investigation using county-level data from 13 regions in Heilongjiang Province in China for the years 2018 and 2025. Using data from science education in county-level primary schools, an independent samples T-test was conducted to analyze the effectiveness of resource allocation for science education. Results. The research findings indicate: (1) textual resources for science education at the county-level have been enhanced; (2) the environmental resources for science education at the county-level have stabilized; (3) while the quantity of human resources in science education at the county-level has generally increased, regional disparities in quality improvement remain significant; (4) science education in the county schools receives substantial social support, while improvements in social support for towns and villages schools are less pronounced. Conclusions. The effectiveness of allocating science education resources in county-level primary schools exhibits both converging and diverging patterns.

Аннотация: Проблема. Частое внедрение политик в сфере естественнонаучного образования направлено на повышение эффективности распределения ресурсов. Спустя семь лет после реализации политики необходимо оценить фактические изменения и отличительные особенности в распределении ресурсов в сфере естественнонаучного образования в начальных школах на уровне уездов. Цель. Цель данного исследования – выявить тенденции изменений в распределении ресурсов в сфере естественнонаучного образования в уездных начальных школах и лежащую в их основе логику конвергенции и дивергенции в эффективности политики, используя диахронический сравнительный метод на основе данных по уездам за 2018 и 2025 годы, а также предоставить эмпирические доказательства для оптимизации распределения ресурсов и содействия высококачественному сбалансированному развитию. Методы. В данном исследовании использовались данные по 13 районам провинции Хэйлунцзян (Китай) за 2018 и 2025 годы. На основе данных о естественнонаучном образовании в уездных начальных школах был проведён независимый t-тест для сравнения выборок с целью анализа эффективности распределения ресурсов на естественнонаучное образование. Результаты. Результаты исследования показывают: (1) текстовые ресурсы для естественнонаучного образования на уездном уровне были улучшены; (2) средовые ресурсы для естественнонаучного образования на уездном уровне стабилизировались; (3) хотя количество кадровых ресурсов в естественнонаучном образовании на уровне уездов в целом увеличилось, региональные различия в повышении качества остаются значительными; (4) естественнонаучное образование в уездных школах получает существенную социальную поддержку, тогда как улучшение социальной поддержки в поселковых и деревенских школах менее выражено. Выводы. Эффективность распределения ресурсов в сфере естественнонаучного образования в уездных начальных школах демонстрирует как конвергентные, так и дивергентные закономерности.

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