The relevance of the study is caused by the fact that psychological adaptation is an integral part of modern life. Essentially, psychological adaptation is the process of approaching a person’s mental activity to the social and social-psychological requirements of the environment, the conditions, and content of professional activity of a person. The insufficient knowledge of special aspects of psychological adaptation at the early stage of the professionalization of youth has the critical importance when developing this issue.

The paper considers the special aspects of psychological adaptation of youth that are determined by the individual needs and abilities of a person, the adaptive situation nature, and the specificity of environmental demand.

The authors analyzed the gender aspect of adaptation and professionalization according to the assumption of the existence of certain peculiarities of adaptation of different genders representatives. The research of this topic involved the study of the respondents’ adaptation; the observations on the relations between the students and employees during the survey, in classes, during the working time; mathematical and statistical processing of data received.

Using special methodological tooling, the authors carried out the diagnostics of personal qualities of respondents divided into two groups depending on the employment patterns – students and employees. The obtained indices of psychological adaptation, psychological adaptability, and emotional and activity-based adaptability allowed proving the assumption on the existence of certain peculiarities of adaptation of the students and employees.

During the empirical research, the degree of adaptation manifestation of youth is determined and the peculiarities of their choice of profession are identified. It is proved that those young people who are involved in professional activity demonstrate successful psychological adaptation.