REFORMING HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEMS OF EUROPEAN COUNTRIES IN THE SECOND PHASE OF THE BOLOGNA PROCESS

The article is devoted to the 15-years anniversary of the beginning of the Bologna process; it examines the background of the process of reforming higher education systems of European countries, the basic documents of the period that preceded its beginning, the main activities of the Bologna Process, names the participating countries and the «experience» of their participation on the Bologna process, characterizes the parameters of the Bologna process and the progress of their implementation on the first stage of the Bologna process. The countries in which these parameters are implemented almost entirely are named. The author analyzes the results of the first stage and the reasons for the fact that by 2010 the Bologna Declaration has not been met and the process was extended until 2020. The article contents the characteristic of such concepts as credit, module, the quality of education, competence, descriptors, academic mobility, multi-level system of higher education. The credit systems, which are used in various European countries, are analyzed. The progress of the Bologna process in the Russian Federation is described. The author draws attention to the importance of the introduction in Russia from September 1, 2010 the new state educational standards (the so-called third-generation standards). The term «second phase of the Bologna Process» (2010–2020) is introduced. Particular attention is paid to the problem of academic mobility, one of the main priorities of the second phase of the Bologna process. The author identifies the main priorities of the second phase, deals with the current state of the Bologna process and its prospects; the modern map of the Bologna process is shown. The dates for the future meetings of Ministers of Education of European countries in the period up to 2020 – before the end of the second phase of the Bologna process – are named.