External and internal goals in the structure of the life position of youth


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The paper deals with the analysis of the relationships between the life position and goals of young people in the conditions of the tense and chaotic modern world. Harmony, activity and awareness of the life position were examined using the “Questionnaire of the Life Position of the Personality” (LPP) method  by D.A. Leontiev, A.E. Shilmanskaya; external and internal goals were studied by the “Index of Aspirations” questionnaire  (T. Kasser, R. Ryan, adaptation by T.O. Gordeeva, O.A. Sycheva, V.A. Egorov). The concept of life position included the unity of harmony, activity and awareness; internal and external goals were revealed through the phenomena of self-expression, relationships, community, appearance (physical attractiveness), fame (popularity), and influence. Correlation analysis allowed recording the following significant trends: the presence of positive relationships between awareness and the desire for self-expression, building interpersonal relationships; negative relationships between the desire for fame and awareness, active life position. The focus on self-expression, realization of personal potential, building a system of personal and business connections, increasing competence, acquiring social recognition, competence, and efficiency are considered the characteristic features of the adolescent period. The study noted a tendency towards a decrease in the desire for fame. Data analysis confirms the increased importance of internal aspirations and goals in building a life outline, implementing activities to build one’s own life. A conscious choice of life goals reduces the role of external determinants of goal-setting. The study revealed that the priority of external or internal goals does not serve as a prerequisite for life position harmony in the adolescent period. This fact emphasizes the subjective significance of active involvement in activities promoting self-expression, self-affirmation and self-realization of an individual.

About the authors

Ekaterina Sergeevna Fominykh

Orenburg State Pedagogical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: fominyh.yekaterina@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0004-5699-4099

PhD (Psychology), Associate Professor, assistant professor of Chair of Special Psychology

Russian Federation, 460014, Orenburg, Sovetskaya Street, 2

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