No 2 (2022)
- Year: 2022
- Articles: 8
- URL: https://vektornaukipedagogika.ru/jour/issue/view/29
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Description:
Published 30.06.2022
Full Issue
Pedagogical Sciences
The role of adaptive physical culture in the organization of physical education of university students
Abstract
The situation, which developed in our country in recent decades and associated with the deterioration of public health on the one hand, and with the widespread introduction of inclusive learning in education, on the other hand, led to the presence of a large number of students with disabilities in Russian universities. Nevertheless, this does not exclude the need to cover such students with full-fledged and high-quality physical education, which ensures the maintenance and preservation of their physical health and harmonious development of their physical qualities in maintaining mental and physical performance. The research aims to study the impact of adaptive physical training classes on the development of motivation for physical culture classes and the level of physical fitness of students with health disorders. The paper considers the possibilities and the need to introduce adaptive physical culture classes for students with health disorders into the university educational process. The author analyzes the experience of Russian universities in this field. The study covers the main problems and the prospects of using adaptive physical training when organizing physical education for university students with health limitations. The paper presents the results of a pedagogical experiment using a survey of such students and testing their physical qualities. The study identified that students with health limitations engaged in adaptive physical culture at the university demonstrated an increased motivation for physical education and sports and positive dynamics in the development of their physical fitness.
9-13
Comparative analysis of the level of physical fitness of foreign and Russian university students
Abstract
The intensification of migration processes in the academic environment in recent years has led to a significant increase in the number of foreign students in Russian universities. The need to integrate foreign students into the national educational environment to ensure their full-fledged training, particularly in Physical Education, requires a close practical study of the initial fitness level of foreign students. The work is aimed at determining the differences in the physical fitness of foreign and Russian students, identifying the causes of such differences and finding ways to manage them. Reliable data were obtained on a lower level of physical fitness of students from India and Egypt compared to Russian students in terms of strength, swiftness, endurance, agility and flexibility. The difference is caused by different approaches to physical education in educational institutions of the countries, difficulties experienced by foreign students in adapting to study in Russian universities, cultural characteristics of foreign students, and their low motivation for physical education and sports. The author proposes the ways to overcome this problem by reducing the intensity of loads in physical education classes for foreign students, and providing the opportunity of choosing a sport for them. The results of the study can serve as a basis for planning the physical education programme for foreign students at the university, taking into account their initial level of physical fitness, ethno-cultural characteristics, their interests and motivation.
14-19
Diagnostic tools for assessing the levels of mathematical erudition of students in general educational institutions
Abstract
The acceleration of civilization development imposes new requirements on mathematical education. Its special role is caused by the fact that mathematics is used worldwide in all spheres of life. Secondary general mathematical education in the current environment is becoming increasingly more significant for the educational policy of the society and the state. Measurable educational results, in this case, are the indicators of the personal achievements of students when studying mathematics. The research aims to give the reasons why among the existing terminological variety, the definition of mathematical erudition is selected as the assessment of personal achievements of students of general educational institutions in the subject area of Mathematics, to describe the developed and approved diagnostic tools for assessing mathematical erudition of the students of general educational institutions. The research is based on the qualitative approach to studying scientific-pedagogical literature and the analysis of pedagogical practice, which allowed working out the author’s position in identifying the individual educational achievements of students when learning mathematics. The author proposes using the concept of mathematical erudition as a result of learning mathematics treated as a personal achievement. The paper presents the author’s interpretation of this concept. The author considers a three-level model of mathematical erudition, which includes elementary mathematical literacy, functional mathematical literacy, and mathematical competence. The author developed a structural-functional model of mathematical erudition, consisting of four components: 1) motivational-axiological; 2) conceptual-regulative; 3) procedural; 4) subject-and-activity-based. The diagnostic toolkit for assessing the mathematical erudition of students of general education institutions has been developed and tested. It is possible to use these tools to assess subject learning results. The author notes that it is possible to improve mathematical erudition at all steps of school mathematical education in the general education institutions through designing mathematical education, which will allow creating the conditions for the students’ temptations and needs fulfilment.
20-26
Physical culture as a component of professional development of students-geologists
Abstract
The modern paradigm of higher education prioritizes the expansion of a young specialist competence in the profession and a high level of outlook, culture, health, and personal qualities. The content of educational disciplines and physical training, in particular, should correspond to these goals. The problem is that not every physical training lesson at the universities is built, taking into account the future professional activity of a geologist, although the physical culture potential if it is properly organized, is high enough to develop many professional qualities of a future specialist. The work updates the continuous integrated approach to the development of the students’ professional qualities through physical culture both during the classes and in independent work. The authors carried out the survey of students-geologists of the Tyumen Industrial University, which determined the level of physical activity of students (medium), their attitude to their health (most assess it to be good), and the degree of identification of physical education lessons with the acquisition of professionally significant qualities (medium). The paper proposes the options of exercises to develop each quality in the process of physical, intellectual, psychic, and mental activity for the comprehensive self-improvement of students during independent work. In the authors’ opinion, such an approach will increase the goal-setting of students, the desire both to develop professionally in special subjects and recognize the interdisciplinary relations of all elements of the learning environment for their professional growth.
27-35
Digital competence of the educational process parties
Abstract
The rapid development of new technologies observed in recent years and the active digital transformation of society impose special requirements for a future specialist and his digital competence. The authors should note that the concept of digital competence has become very popular in recent years, and now there are many studies, which in one way or another reveal its various aspects. However, typically, plenty of different definitions lead to a blurring of boundaries of the concept and the absence of a unified designation of its essential and semantic characteristics. As a result, this concept is considered the ability to use information and communication technologies, a part of social competence, and a way of communication. To identify the initial level of digital competencies, the authors carried out a diagnostic study involving the students of Mari State University (Yoshkar-Ola, Russia) in different training programs. The paper presents a detailed overview of the results of this study and identifies three levels of students’ digital competencies: high, medium, and low. The study shows that students with a high level of digital competence have a positive attitude towards the digital transformation of education emphasizing that it provides new opportunities to use digital technologies in learning and increases the effectiveness of the learning process. These students support digital learning, online consultations, and providing information for lectures and seminars in electronic form, as opposed to the students with a low level of digital competence, who have a negative attitude towards the digital transformation of education, noting only its weaknesses. These students support digital learning, online consultations, and providing information for lectures and seminars in electronic form, as opposed to the students with a low level of digital competence, who have a negative attitude towards the digital transformation of education, noting only its weaknesses.
36-42
Algorithm for combining mobile technologies in linguodidactics of the higher school
Abstract
Nowadays, research in pedagogy is moving from understanding what mobile technologies are and how they work to widespread implementation. As a result, most studies are focused on the methodological interpretation of the specific mobile technologies that are relevant for a particular university. Despite the fact that mobile technologies are no longer considered a temporary phenomenon in linguodidactics of the higher school and are recognized as its integral element which requires further study, there are still no universal algorithms for combining mobile technologies to improve the process of teaching a foreign language at a university. The research focuses on the development of an algorithm for the use of mobile technologies in linguodidactics of a higher school. The author analyzes the experience of the colleagues and outlines the cognitive advantages of mobile technologies. In the course of a survey of professors from Novosibirsk university, it was apparent that they need methodological support in the use of mobile technologies in foreign language classes at a university. Based on the principles of universality, transparency, and focusing on the language disciplines, the author models an algorithm for combining mobile technologies that would facilitate the systematic use of M-learning in both blended and face-to-face learning. The algorithm was tested in the foreign language classes during the semester of blended learning with undergraduate students of the program “International Relations” as the participants. The results of the approbation prove that with the regular and reasonable application of M-learning tools it is possible to intensify and facilitate foreign language teaching at a university.
43-51
Psychological sciences
The relation of metacognitive involvement with personal intellectual assets and the development of universal competences of students
Abstract
The paper discusses why having preserved and sometimes high-level intelligence, a person is not always successful in educational activities. According to the studies, planning and monitoring skills and the skill to control the process of own activity (metacognitive involvement) can determine success in learning. This work aims to study the relations between metacognitive involvement and the personal intellectual resources of students. The authors based the research methodology on structural equation modeling (SEM). The study involved 140 respondents – senior class students of schools and universities. The study showed the existence of positive relations between metacognitive involvement, universal competencies, and personal intellectual resources. The authors identified that women had higher cooperation indicators than men; the students of humanitarian training programs had higher communication indicators; academic performance indicators were low-positively associated with metacognitive involvement. The authors conclude that metacognitive processes and qualities are associated with the general abilities of a person, the structure of which involves metacognitive components. As a result of factor analysis, the authors developed a two-factor model: Metacommunication (F1 factor), which indicates individual intellectual resources and universal competencies, manifested in activity and communication, and Cognitive abilities (F2 factor), manifested in thinking. The study identified the relations between the academic success indicators, factors of metacognitive involvement, and metacommunications of students.
55-63
Psychological predictors of the development of social intelligence in the students of socionomic professions
Abstract
The paper considers the features of social intelligence among the students of socionomic professions. Today, there is a gap between modern studies of the social intelligence phenomenon and its direct experimental development among the students of socionomic training programs during the study at a higher educational institution. The paper presents the psychological characteristics of students with different levels of social intelligence development. The students showed the predominance of social intelligence at average and below-average levels. Among the social intelligence components, the ability to understand the interlocutor’s speech acts is the most expressed, and the ability to recognize the structure of interpersonal situations in the dynamics is the worst expressed. The analysis of indicators of manipulative attitudes allows speaking about students’ average inclination to manipulate. The results of the study of values indicate the importance of such regulatory ideals as safety, self-dependence, and kindness, and such individual priorities as universalism, independence, and stimulation. The results of the study of self-attitude components allow concluding on strongly pronounced indicators of all self-attitude scales except self-esteem, which is slightly expressed. Using the Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test, the author carried out the comparative analysis of data in the groups of students with different levels of social intelligence and identified characteristics of the personality of students with different levels of social intelligence. The composed regression model allowed identifying psychological predictors promoting the development of social intelligence: some types of value orientations, self-attitude components, and manipulation attitude.
64-77